Liquid pasteurizer and cooler.



A. JENSEN.

LIQUID PASTEURIZER AND COOLER.

APPLIUATION FILED SEPT.3,1918.

Patented Dec. 2, 1913.

2 3HEETS--SHEET1 z w n m M u X \x 7% a Mv x lag/2142mm A. JENSEN.

LIQUID PASTEURIZER AND coon-m.

AYPLIOA'IION FILED SEPT. 3, 1913 1} @3@,%55 Patented Dec. 2, 1913 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

AAGE JENSEN, 01" OAKLAND, CALIFORNIA LIQUID PASTEURIZER AND COOLER.

ll llit'lthaitiifi.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed September 3, 19113 lntorrtetl lice; 3:3, it'll tit. Serial No. 787,995.

To all w/wm it may concern:

lle it known that, 1', Blame Jonson, a citi- Zen ot the United States, residing at Pied mont, 'Ualtland, in the county of Alameda and State of (I; litornia, have invented cer tain new and usel'ul Improvements in Liquid lasteurizcrs and Coolers; and l do hereby declare the 'l'ollowing to he a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, forming part of this specification, and to the tignres and letters of reference marked thereon.

This invention relates to apparatus dcsigncd more especially for the treatment of millt, particularly milk in the state ltnown as whole milk, although it is well adapted tor treating, hy pastenrization, cream, either sweet or sour, or milk which is not sour.

The objects of the invention are to proride a relatively small and compact apparatus, which will, loy a continuous process, treat large volumes of the liquid at a apid ate, without injuring or materially (ll1lll;Z-

ing tho constituents, either chemically or by hrealtingup the lniiiter-tat globules, thus making the apparatus particularly valuable for pasteurizing or trading a municipal milk supply immediately prior to the dclivery oil the same to the consumer.

Other objects at the invention are to pro rid an apparatus, the construct ion of which will permit of its being maintained in a highly sanitary condition, hoth lJ V reason of the elimination of inaccessible joints or rec' sses in which germs may lodge and multliply and by reason of the provision o'l means wherehy all surfaces with which the liquid to he treated contacts are made r aidily accessible for cleaning and sterilizing.

A further object ot the invention is to provide a structure in which the liquid to he tr *a'l'cd is caused to flow at high velocity between closely spaced surl'accs movahle with relation to each other, and lioth of which surfaces are maintained at the desired temperature by a circulating medium [lowing through passages and ducts hetwecn which and the passages and ducts for the liquid to he treated there are no wot-hing joints, thus eliminating from the machine all danger of a comminglingr ol' the liquids or of an infection of one from the otherand as incident to this construction the liquid to be treated is conveyed through ducts and passages which are closed against the access of air wherel'iy the machine is well adapted for either pressure or vacuum systems, the viscosity of the liquid lacing treated is not altered, and. oxidation or the inci'n- 'iorat'ion of air is ctl'cciually prevented.

Referring to the acconipanying drawings, Figure .l is a section in a longitudinal vcrtical plane through a machine emhodying the present improvennait, the supporting; legs and brackets being omitted. Fig. 2 is a section in a transverse plane showing the relation of the cylindrical passages in and he tween the cylinder and drum. Fig. 3 is a diagrammatic elevation looking at the left hand end of Fig. .l to show particularly the relation of the sha t hearingsupports.

Like letters of relerence in the several lignres indicate the same parts.

The machine cml odies in its (:utlhtiittitltJll a cylinder 't'ormed with inner and outer walls A and AZ res 'icctivcly, said cylinder heing a suhstantially rigid structure adapt ed to he supported on suitahle legs and brackets, not shown in the clawing-s. At, one emh the cylinder is provided with a pernntnent. head ll, which head nn'mancntly closes the cml o l the space between the walls A and A'. and is centrally provided with a hearing ll for a shaft to he presently dcscrila-d. in addition the head is prclcrahly provided with an annular channel I) and a discharge opening (2 conui uni'atin r with said annular channel 1') at the top. .it the opposite end from the head 1: the cylinder is provided with a ring: (1 which closes the space hctwecn the inner and outer walls A, ft, and serves as the scat For a rumor-'- ahle head (1. adapted to he clamped in position hy suitahle set screws or wing nutspreferably with an lilttl'poscd sealing ,ciasltct, ol" rulihcr or other suitahlc material indirated at the points 1''.

d'ithiu the cylinder there in mounted to rotate a drum l'ormed essentially hy spaced c \'lindrical walls l and l). the outer wall I) hciug spaced at very small distance from the inner wall ot the cylinder. The drum walls I l) are mounted their ends on heads l)" rigidly connected centrally liy a lnhular shal't or sleeve l). The heads l completely close the ends of the drum within the inner \llllill'l(2ll wall IV and extend in radially through the h ad are channels or passages 1/ in connnunication at their outer ends or portions with. the narrow space between the walls D and D, the area of the channels at being such as toolfer n0 Obstruction to the radial flow of liquid to the peripheral space referred to, and they are so arranged in the heads D as to' secure a uniform distribution of fluid around the whole periphery or' circumference of the drum. The drum is itself mounted on a central tubular'shaft E which is o." considerably greater length than the cylinder, and extends out throhgh the bearing B. p The opposite end of-the shaft is provided with a journal of reduced diameter as at e, mounted in a bearing 0 in the head 0. The journal 6 completely closes the end of the tubular shaft E and, in position to register with the radial passages d, the shaft is provided with radial openings 0?, there being corresponding radial openings in the shaft for registering with the radial passages in the head at the opposite end of the/drum, whereby liquid may be circulated from the shaft radially through the drum heads into through the peripheral space between the cylindricaldrum walls.

Between the bearing 0 and the drum head 1)", the shaft E is threaded for the reception of the hub of an impeller having radial impeller vanes F, and liquid to be treated is admitted to the end of the cylinder at the base of the impeller vanes through admissio assages f formed in the head C around thel bearing 0 there being an external axial pipe connection f for the supply pipe which leads from any suitable source of supply, as, for example, a milk vatso arranged as to prevent the entry of air into the admis sion opening.

The liquid to be treated, which enters at the center of the cylinder-adjacent the bases of the impeller vanes F, is driven radially by said impeller vanes into and through the very narrow space between the drum and cylinder, finding its exit through the opening 7) at. the opposite end of the cylinder, and it is thus conducted through the machine in a course which entirely free from any wprlting joints in communication with any of the channels through which the heating or cooling medium is passed: that is to say, there are no Working oints between the space within the cylinder and outside of the drum, and the channel formed by the radial tubular shaft, the radial passages in he drum head, or the spaces between the drum walls or between the cylinder walls, and consequently there is no danger of the l quids becoming commingled or of the liquid being treated bec ming infected from :he treating liquid or medium.

The treating liquidis passed through the space between thecylindcr walls, from entrance and exit openings, indicated at: G in Fig. 1, and it is distributed to said space,

so as to insure a uniform flow to all points radial of the cylinder, by distributing partitions g having suitably spaced and, if necessary, graduated openings 9 therein, as will be readily understood from Fig. 1, although in this figure the distributing partitions are shown only in section.

The treating liquid which is circulated through the eripheral space of the drum, passes throng that is to say, both into and out of the same end of the shaft E; thus, as shown in the drawing, the said shaft, in addition to being supported in the bearing B, also passes through bearings H and H supported on spiders h which latter are in turn mounted on rigid rods h secured-at one end in the head B and at the opposite end. having adjusting nuts h thereon, there being spacing sleeves h interposed between the spiders h and head B for properly loeating and holding the spiders and hearings in position, From Fig. 3 it will be seen that the supporting rods and spacing sleeves are preferably equally spaced angularly below the level of the shaft E so as to afford. a maximum rigidity against any tendency to downward deflection.

The bearing H before referred to constitutes in effect a coupling for one of the circulating pipe connections, and for this purpose it is provided with double packing boxes or glands I between which a chamber 1 is formed for the circulatin pipe connection and the wall of the shaft is provided with radial openings 6 through which the treating liquid may pass into or out of the shaft. On the outer sides of the openings i and openings cl at the near end of the drum, the shaft is provided with transverse partitions K, and through these partitions there 105 is a tube or axial pipe is which serves to separate the incoming and outgoing passages for the treating liquid. In other words, the tubular shaft is divided into two independ ent passages, one communicating with the 113 radial passages in each end of the drum. The extreme end of the shaft E is provided with. a stufling box or packing gland K through which passes a pipe or tube is supported, in an end spider [1 carried by the 115 outer rods it, the arrangement being such that liquid may be introduced through either the connection is or I, and circulated through the tubular shaft, through the peripheral space in the drum, and out again, 120 being discharged from the shaft at a point remote from the end of thecylinder and entirely away from any working oint where the liquid could cominingle or contaminate the liquid being treated.

Rotation imparted to the shaft preferably through he medium of fast and loose pulleys L mounted on the shaft loctwee. the bearing H and the bearing 15 on the head of the cylinder. Outside of the bearing ll the 130 shait ia provided with a thrust collar and l so as to ell't-rt pasteurization completely in a interposed ball l arine' ..\l t'or resisting lon gitudinal movement of the shah. and upposeed to this thrust, bearing is a bearing in the head it preferably formed by a collar hi tixed' on the shaft and against, which the head it) of the drum rests, there being an interposed ealing packing n and, a suitable pin or other driving connection at. n for insuring the proper lo 'ation of the drum on the shaft when it is damped against: the coilar i\' by the action of the impeller when the latter is screwed on, the shalt at the :l'arther end of the drum. Suitable permanent sealing packing; is introduced at (i) in front of the collar it to insure a tight joint and the bearing is supplied with grease preterably pressed into the same. as is now com 1 mon in the arts where a tight oint. is do sired. In addition, the bearing Ili is provided with an tltljllStttbltB parking or gland of the well undersstood torn).

To take up any longitudinal play and insure the retention ol the bearing i-ollar N in tight contaet with its bearing l'are or permanent sealing packing" in the head oi"; the cylinder, the thrustlJttllllttl' and eollar h are adapted to cooperate with an ai ustable seat; termed by a sleeve or nut l. tln eaded on the outer end oi the bearing ii and adapted to be held in adjusted position by a locking nut or ring); 1". With this eonstruetion, the seat 1 may be adjusted so as to draw the shaft longitudinally, thereby seating the collar N and providinp for such adjustment as may be necessary to take up any possible wear on the parts, and thereby prevent any leakage of the liquid beingtreae ed to the outside of the cylinder and correspondingly preventing the entry of any of the lubricant or grease from the bearing into the cylinder, where it might eontami- ,natie the liquid.

The lit' uithto he treated is circulated by th'e iiiipetler taiies throtre'h the narrow space between the inner wall ol. the cylinder and outer wall of the drum, and owing to the very large suriaee area of this narrow passaee. the liquid will be distributed in a very thin sheet. but will travel through said spaee at relatively high velocity. At the same time it will be animated to what might; be

termed a rolling action. due to the rotation of the drum, all of sueh movementsn. how-- ever, being imparted to the liquid without; material agitation, and without; permitting any partiole of the liquid to remain in eon-- tart with the surface oi the drum or cylinder for a sutlirient length ol' time to injurionsly atl'eet the same; that, is to say, in pastveurizin 'i milk; for example, the surlaees may both be heated to a mueh hitrher tempe "attire than vv-ziuld be possible with other forms oil ap iaratira, without injuring the milk, and the mill: may be passed through the machine minimum length ol" time. 'l'here is no point where any oi the liquid can eddy or remain in ontact with a heated surl'are, nor is there any point where the liquid may come to rest and accumulate or propagate germs, the re sult being that with a machine of this chara ter a ge m eount shows that the machine does not redut-e the purity of the liquid at all. but, on the contrary, whtre the machine is used as a pasteurizer or sterilizer, the liq uid is delivered prartieally tree from injurious germ lil'e. Flltlllt't'tilfllti, it is not posr-ible for any oi the liquid to pass through the marhine without being subjected to the action of the treating temperature, as all ol the liquid must tlow in the narrow peripheral spare between the evlindrieal faces of the cylinder and drum.

The machine is a double surl'are machine, that ta to say, both surl'aees between which the liquid to be treated tlows are eontrolled as to their temperature by the circulation at the treating medium in contact therewith. and the spares tnrnue'h which the treating liquid llows in contact with the reverse laces oi the treatine surfaces are of small volumetrie capacity. with the result that an ere tremely rapid rireulation ol the treating liquid is etl'erled with a resultant economy and ellieienev, to say nothing ol' the facility with which the temperature may be regte lated accurately. The drum is light, and the body ot' the liquid which is carried by it during its relation very small, as compared with the superficial area of the whole drum. ()wing to this l'art, the drum may be rotated with small power, and when net-essity for cleaning arises, the light weight of the drum permits it to be readily handled by bein drawn out ol' the cylinder after the ren'iova oi" the head (3 and impeller whit-h holds the drum in place on its shal't.

l or draining the cylinder oi the liquid which is being treated, a bottom drain tap It may be provided in the lower portion til the head i and, oi course. the external jat-ket may be similarly drained through a drain tap provided for that purpose, but. notehown in the drawings.

The mat-hine operates as its own pump and by its aetion does not reduce materiallv the size of the Fat globules or Masters of the same, so that cream will rise readilv on milk treated in the maehine. No oxidation or the incorporation of tree air is possible, as the machine. is entirely closed to til i air, and it is ol' such character that it will handle liquids of tainsid'erahle viscosity, but will n t; change the viscosity oi te liquid being haniled bv it.

Having thus described my invention, what 1 claim as 118V and desire to secure by Lets tersi Patent of the United States, is:

l. A liquid treating appa 'atus embodying Ill a cylinder, a drum mounted in the cylinder with its cylindrical wall spaced from the cylinder to form a narrow cylindrical chamber-,both the cylinder and drum embodying means whereby a treating liquid may be. circulated in contact with their cylindrical walls on both the outer ind inner sides of the narrow cylindrical cnamber, means for rotating the drum, an impeller mounted on one end of the drum to rotate in unison therewith, and cylinder heads at opposite ends of the drum, one of said. heads being provided with an axial inlet for the admission of liquid to be treated centrally of the impeller and the other of said heads having an exit duct for the discharge of the treated liquid forced through the space between the drum and cylinder by the impeller.

2. In a liquid treating' apparatus, the com bination with the inclosing cylinder and drum mounted in the cylinder with their cylindrical walls spaced to form a narrow cylindrical chamber, and both embodying means whereby their walls may be heated, of impeller vanes ,on the end of the drum, a head for inclosing the end of the cylinder adjacent the impeller vanes, having a central bearing for the drum, and liquid admission openings at the base of the impeller vanes around the central bearing, a drum shaft,- and means for rotating the drum mounted on the shaft at the opposite end of the cylinder from, the impeller vanes.

3. A liquid treating apparatus embodying a'eylinder, a rotary drum having its peripheral wall in proximity to the cylinder wall, cylinder heads in which the drum is journaled, ducts extending centrally through said heads and independentlycommunicating respectively with the interior of the drum and with the space between the drum and cylinder, and an impeller between the end of the drum and head through which liquid is admitted to the space between the drum and cylinder. I

4.. A liquid treating apparatus embodying a cylinder, a rotary drum having its periph eral wall in proximity to the cylinder wall, heads on the cylinder inclosing the drum and having shaftbearings therein, a dru'm shaft journaled in said bearings, an impeller mounted on said shaft between one end of the drum and oneof said heads, and a cen- "trally arranged liquid admission duct for supplying liquid to be treated to the center of the impeller, whereby said liquid will be forced through the space between the drum and cylinder walls.

5. A liquid treating apparatus embodying a cylinder, a rotary drum having its pei inl1- eral wall in proximity to the cylinder wall, a cylinder head having a centrally arranged duct for the liquid to be treated, impeller mounted on the end of the drum intermediate the-drum and said cylinder head, a

an sat.

head on the opposite end of the cylinder, a tubular shaft tor the dihlm journaled in said last mentioned head, ducts for supplying liquid to the interior of the drum extending through said shaft, and means for rotating the drum mounted on the shaft outside of the cylinder head. 7

(3. In a liquid treating appartus, the con bination with a fixed cylinder having a fixed head at one end thereof with a centrally arranged bearing therein, bearings rigidly connected with said head but spaced from the bearing in thehead, and a shaft journaled in said bearings and extending longitudinally through the cylinder, of a drum removably mounted on the shaft within the cylinder, means at the end of the shaft for locking the drum in position, and a removable cylinder head having a bearing therein for the end of the drum shaft.

7. In an apparatus for treating liquids, the combination with a fixed cylinder hav ing double cylindrical walls witha space be tween the same for the circulation of a treatingmediuin, a fixed head on one end of said cylinder having a central shaft bearing therein, and a tubular shaft journ'aled in said bearing and having apertures leading therefrom in proximity to theends of the cylinder, of a drum removably mounted on said shaft within the cylinder, said drum embodying spaced peripheral walls and heads having radial passages therethrough in communication with the spaces between the peripheral drum walls, and at their'inner portions positioned to register with the openings in the tubular shaft, means for holding said drum in position on the shaft with the apertures and passages in register-y, and a removable head for closing the oppo site end of the cylinder. i

8.1a an apparatus for treating liquid, the combination with a cylinder having double peripheral walls forming a space for the circulation of a treating medium, a; tubular shaft journaled in said cylinder and having lateral openings in proximity to opposite ends of the cylinder, of a drum mounted on the'shaftand embodying double peripheral walls forming a space for the circulation of a treating medium, drum heads closing the ends of the drum and having radlhl ducts therethrough, communicating at theirinner ends Withdateral apertures in the shaft and at their outer ends communicating with the space between the drum wa ls, and means for circulating liquid to be treated between the drum and cylinder.

9.1m a, liquid treating apparatus, th

combination with the cylinder having o' ble peripheral walls forming a space for the circulation of a treating medium, heads for closing the opposite ends "ofsaid cylinder and having duct apertures therein for the Mill) '1 the liquid to be treated, and a tubular shaft journaled in the cylinder heads and having lateral openings in proximity to opposite ends of the cylinder, of a drum mounted on said shaft and embodying double peripheral walls forming a space between them for the circulation of a treating medium, drum heads for closing the ends of the drum hav ing radial ducts connnunicating at their outer ends with the space between the peripheral walls of the drum and at their inner ends registering with the lateral openings in the tubular shaft, and means carried by said shaft for forcing the liquid to be treated through the space between the drum and cylinder.

1". In a liquid treating apparatus, the combination with the cylinder having a permanent head at one end thereof and a shaft journaled centrally in said head, of a drum removably mounted on said sh. ft and with its peripheral wall in proximity to the cylinder wall forming a narrow space for the circulation of the liquid being treated, an impeller mounted on said shaft and forming the means for retaining the drum in position thereon, and a removable cylinder head for closing the end of the cylinder.

11. In a liquid treating apparatus, the combination with a cylinder embodying spaced cylindrical walls forming a chain her for the circulation of a treating medium andhavinginletand eduction openings therein, partitions interposed in said chamber for distributing the flow of liquid uniformly throughout the circumference-of the chamber, of heads for closing the ends of the cylinder and having inlet and eduction openings therein for the liquid to be treated, a shaft journalcd in said heads, a drum mounted on said shaft and embodying spaced peripheral Walls forming a chamber for the circulation of a treating medium, heads havingradial ducts therein communicating at their outer ends with said peripheral chamber in the drum, and independent ducts conuminicating with the inner ends of said radial ducts for supplying the treating medium thereto.

12. In a hqtud treating apparatus, the

combination with the cylinder having doublc peripheral walls forming a chamber for the circulation of the treatingmedium,a double-walled drum mounted in said cylinder and embodying a central tubular sleeve with beads rigidly connected therewith and having radial ducts thercthrough communicating at their outer ends with the chamber formed by the double pcri 'iheral walls of the drum, of a central tubular shaft on which said drum is mounted, having radial openings registering with the ducts in the drum heads, and means for dividing said tubular shaft into independent ducts for di reeting .the treating medium in a circuit through the drum heads and peripheral chamber, said shaft ducts having independent. pipe connections on the exterior of the cylinder.

13. In a liquid treating apparatus, the combination with a cylinder having double peripheral walls forming a chamber for a treating medium, a head for closing one end of said cylinder and having a central shaft bearing therein. and a tubular shaft mounted in said bearing and having a collar mounted thereon within the head, of a thrust bearing mounted on said shaft outside of the head. with means for adjusting said thrust bearing to hold the collar in engagement with the head whereby a liquidtight bearing li'ormcd, a drum removably mounted on the shaft within the cylinder, a removable head for closing the far end of the cylinder. and; ducts for admitting a treating liquid to the drum and for admitting a liquid to be treated between the drum and cylinder.

.uou JENSEN. \Vitnesses L. N. tisouwixn, A. (iltll-l-l'lllb. 

